Transformer/Sisitemu yo guteranya ikoresha 35kV ya Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwo guhitamo no gukoresha ibikoresho by'ibanze mu guhuza imiyoboro mishya y'amashanyarazi

Ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, hamwe n'ububiko bwazo bwinshi n'ikwirakwizwa ryazo ryagutse, ni isoko y'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu kinyejana cya 21. Uko ibibazo by'isi nko kubura ingufu n'ihumana ry'ibidukikije bigenda byiyongera, ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zagaragaye nk'inganda zikiri nto zishyirwa imbere mu by'ingenzi zishyirwa imbere n'ibihugu ku isi, bitewe n'isuku yazo, umutekano, uburyo bworoshye bwo kuzikoresha no gukora neza cyane. Mu bigo binini n'ibiciriritse by'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ibirindiro bya PV biri hagati ndetse n'imishinga yo guhuza ububiko bw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba,Transformer/Sisiteriya y'abantu ya 35kV ivanze ya Photovoltaic/Preassembled SubstationIkora imirimo y'ingenzi yo guhindura ingufu, kuzikusanya, kuzitera intambwe, kuzirinda no kuzigenzura mu buryo bw'ubwenge. Ikora nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi gihuza imiyoboro ya photovoltaic, inverters na grid rusange y'amashanyarazi. Iyi nkuru isobanura neza imirimo y'ingenzi, uburyo bwo kuzikoresha, ibyiza byo guhitamo, uburyo bwa siyansi bwo guhitamo n'agaciro k'umusaruro, itanga icyerekezo cy'umwuga mu ishoramari, igishushanyo, kubaka no gukoresha no kubungabunga sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic.

I. Imikorere y'ingenzi ya 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation

Transformer/Sisiteriya y’abantu ya 35kV iteranya photovoltaic/Preassembled Substation ikoreshaigishushanyo mbonera cy’uruganda cyateguwe mbere, gikozwe neza kandi cyiteguye gushyirwaho, ikubiyemo imiterere itatu y'imiterere: sitasiyo yo mu bwoko bwa Amerika (imiterere ya ZGS-Z), sitasiyo yo mu bwoko bwa Shinwa (imiterere ya YBG) na sitasiyo yo mu bwoko bwa Burayi (icyitegererezo kimwe n'iyi sitasiyo yo mu bwoko bwa Shinwa). Ihuza cyane transformers zo mu bwoko bwa step-up, ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza umuriro mwinshi, ibice byo gukwirakwiza umuriro muto, sisitemu zo kurinda imirasire, modules z'ubwenge zo kugenzura, ibice byo kwishyura umuriro bikoreshwa na sisitemu zo kurinda inkuba no gusimbuza, ikora imirimo myinshi idasimburwa muri sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi za photovoltaic:

1.Intambwe y'ingufu zo kuzamura no kohereza ubutumwa mu ntera ndende

Yongera mu buryo buhamye umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhindagurika ufite voltage nke (0.27kV/0.3kV/0.315kV/0.4kV) utangwa n’imashini zihindura amashanyarazi (photovoltaic inverters) ukagera kuri 35kV/36.75kV/38.5kV, aho voltage ntarengwa yo gukora y’uruhande rufite voltage nyinshi igera kuri 40.5kV. Yujuje ibisabwa ku muvuduko w’amashanyarazi, igabanya cyane igihombo cy’umurongo mu gihe cyo kohereza ingufu mu ntera ndende kandi ikongera imikorere myiza yo kohereza ingufu, ikaba ikwiriye kohereza ingufu ku base za PV zifite ubushobozi kuva kuri 1000kVA kugeza kuri 1250kVA.

2.Guhuza sisitemu no kugenzura ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu

Ihuza imikorere nko guhuza umurongo ujyamo ufite ingufu nyinshi, umurongo usohoka ufite ingufu nyinshi, kurinda transformateur, guhuza umurongo uhuza amashanyarazi make n'ibipimo by'ingufu z'amashanyarazi, gukora ikusanyirizo ryimbitse, gukwirakwiza no kugenzura neza ingufu za multi-circuit mu mishinga ya photovoltaic. Muri byo, sitasiyo yo mu bwoko bwa Amerika ikoresha igishushanyo mbonera cya co-box, ihuza ibice by'ingenzi nka switches zo gushyiramo imizigo n'ihuza muri tanki ya transformateur hamwe n'imiterere mito; sitasiyo zo mu bwoko bwa Chinois n'izo mu bwoko bwa Europe ni sitasiyo zo mu bwoko bwa substations zateguwe mbere zifite imiterere isobanutse ya modular partition, zisimbuza uburyo butandukanye bwa multi-detained multi-decentral civil engineering substations no koroshya insinga z'ibanze n'iz'inyongera.

3.Uburinzi bwuzuye bw'umutekano

Yubatswemo ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'uburinzi:Imashini yo gukurura amavuta ifite ingufu nyinshi ya BYFI-40.5(umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi 630A, igihe cyo gukoresha mashini inshuro 2000, imbaraga zihanganira voltage ya 95kV),Fuse ifite voltage nyinshi yo mu bwoko bwa XRNT-40.5(umuyoboro wa "short-circuit breaking current" 31.5kA, fuse zishobora gusimbuzwa byoroshye aho ziherereye) naIkoti rya silikoni ry'ubwoko bwa YH5WZ-51/134 rifata zinc oxide(igishushanyo kidafunze, ingufu zisigaye z'amashanyarazi asohoka ≤134kV, hamwe n'imikorere idaturika). Ihujwe n'uburyo bwo kurinda nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amashanyarazi, itandukaniro, zero-sequence, ubushyuhe bukabije n'uburinzi bwo kurwanya ikirwa, ikora vuba kugira ngo ihagarike inzira y'amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'akazi nko kurenza urugero, umuvuduko mugufi, ubushyuhe budasanzwe n'imirasire y'imirasire, igenzura umutekano w'ibikoresho bya photovoltaic, inverters, substation ubwayo n'ibikoresho byo ku ruhande rw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi.

4.Imikorere n'Imicungire y'Amakuru mu Buhanga no Kubona Amakuru

Ifite module zo kugenzura ubushyuhe, kugenzura igice cy’ibisohoka n’uburyo bwo kubona ibipimo by’amashanyarazi, ishyigikira itumanaho rya protocole nyinshi kugira ngo ihuzwe n’urubuga rwo kugenzura sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi, ihita ishyira ahagaragara imiterere y’imikorere yayo mu buryo bwihuse, imenyesha hakiri kare ko amakosa akorwa mbere y’igihe ndetse no kuyifungura no kuyizimya. Hagati aho, yashyizweho hamwe naTransformateur yo mu bwoko bwa SG10 ikoresha amatara n'uburyo bwo kubungabungaguhaza ibyifuzo by'amashanyarazi byo kugenzura no kubungabunga ibikoresho buri munsi, kunoza uburyo bworoshye bwo kubikoresha no kubibungabunga.

5.Kunoza Ubwiza bw'Ingufu

Transformateur ikoresha ibirango bya Yd11 na d11, aho impedance igenzurwa kuri 6.5%, ikagabanya neza guhindagurika kwa harmonic. Ikorana n'ibikoresho byo kwishyura ingufu zikoreshwa, ishobora guhagarara neza hejuru ya 0.98, yujuje ibisabwa na GB/T 19964 ku bwiza bw'amashanyarazi ahujwe na grid photovoltaic kandi ikirinda amande yo kugabanya imikorere y'amashanyarazi n'igenagaciro ry'isuzuma.

II. Ingero zisanzwe z'ishyirwa mu bikorwa

Iki gicuruzwa cyagenewe by'umwihariko imikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi aturuka hanze, aho imiterere y'ibidukikije ikoreshwa yagenzuwe neza, ikubiyemo imikoreshereze y'ibintu by'ingenzi bikurikira:

1. Sitasiyo nini z'amashanyarazi za photovoltaic zo ku butaka zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa "ground centralized"

Ikwiriye ahantu ho mu butayu, Gobi n'inkombe za PV zifite uburebure bwa ≤1000m, ubushyuhe bw'ikirere -25℃ ~ + 45℃ n'umuvuduko w'umuyaga ≤35m/s. Ubushobozi bw'imashini imwe bungana na 1000kVA, 1100kVA na 1250kVA, kandi ibikoresho byinshi bishobora guhuzwa icyarimwe kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu gutera no kohereza ingufu. Ibi bikoresho byujuje ibisabwa mu rwego rwa 'seismic' nk'umuvuduko utambitse wa 0.3m/s² n'umuvuduko uhagaze wa 0.15m/s², hamwe n'urwego rwo kwirinda umwanda rugera ku rwego rwa II, kandi rushobora kwihanganira ikirere kibi hamwe n'umuyaga mwinshi, umucanga n'umukungugu.

2. Imishinga yo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic + yuzuye

Ikoreshwa cyane mu buryo buvanze nko guhuza ubuhinzi n'ubushyuhe, guhuza uburobyi n'ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Ikigega cya lisansi gifite uburinzi bwaIP68(ishobora gukora iyo yibitse mu mazi), ibyumba bifite amashanyarazi menshi n'amakoro make bifite uburinzi bwa IP54, kandi icyumba gifite amashanyarazi menshi kiracyafite uburinzi bwa IP3X iyo urugi rufunguye. Gihuza n'ahantu hadasanzwe nko guhumeka cyane, gusukura umunyu no gukusanya amazi. Gushyiramo ibikoresho ntibifata umwanya wo guhinga no kororera, kuko "ubutaka bumwe bukoreshwa inshuro ebyiri".

3. Imishinga minini ya Photovoltaic ikwirakwizwa mu nganda n'ubucuruzi

Ku mishinga ikwirakwizwa ya photovoltaic irenga megawati 6 mu nganda n'amazu manini y'ubucuruzi, iyi substation yo mu bwoko bwa Amerika, ifite ibyiza byo kuba ntoya, igihombo gito no kuyishyiraho byoroshye, ikwiriye ahantu ho ku gisenge no mu mfuruka z'uruganda; substation zo mu bwoko bwa China n'izo mu bwoko bwa Burayi zujuje ibisabwa mu bwubatsi bw'inganda nini zifite ingufu zihuza cyane, zihita zikoresha zonyine kandi zigahuza amashanyarazi menshi.

4. Imishinga yihariye mu bidukikije byihariye

Ku bintu bidasanzwe bidasanzwe mu mikorere nko mu butumburuke buri hejuru, ubukonje bukabije n'ubushyuhe bukabije, uruganda rushobora gutanga igishushanyo cyihariye, nko kunoza urwego rw'ubushyuhe, kongeramo uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bukoreshwa n'amashanyarazi no gukoresha irangi rikomeye ririnda ingese, rigakoreshwa mu kubaka sitasiyo zidasanzwe z'amashanyarazi zikoresha photovoltaic mu turere twa kure, mu birwa no mu duce tw'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.

III. Ibyiza by'ingenzi byo guhitamo abantu bashyiraho amashanyarazi ya 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation

Ugereranyije n'amasitasiyo asanzwe y'ubwubatsi bw'ubwubatsi, sitasiyo zo mu bwoko bwa 10kV zo mu bwoko bwa box hamwe n'ibikoresho bitandukanye, iki gicuruzwa gifite ibyiza bikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga, ubukungu, igihe cyo kubaka no kwizerwa:

1. Gahunda eshatu z'imiterere kugira ngo zihuze neza n'ibyo umushinga ukeneye

●Siteshi ntoya yo mu bwoko bwa Amerika (imiterere ya ZGS-Z): Igishushanyo mbonera cya Co-box, gifite ibice byinjijwe muri tanki ya lisansi, ingano nto, uburemere bworoheje n'umuvuduko wo kuyishyiraho vuba, kibereye imishinga ikwirakwizwa ya photovoltaic ifite umwanya muto. Gusana buri munsi ntibisaba ibikoresho by'umwuga, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha no kuyisana.

●Siteshi ntoya yo mu bwoko bwa “Chinese/European” (imiterere ya YBG): Imiterere ya modular yateguwe mbere, ifite icyumba gifite voltage nyinshi, icyumba cya transformer n'icyumba gifite voltage nkeya bigabanyijwemo ku buryo bwihariye, igabanya ubushyuhe neza kandi ikagira ubushobozi bwo kwaguka cyane, ikwiriye imirimo isanzwe kandi minini yo kubaka sitasiyo nini z'amashanyarazi zikoresha photovoltaic.

2. Guhuza cyane, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo kubaka

Ibikoresho byose birateranywa, bigashyirwaho insinga, bigashyirwaho ingufu kandi bigapimwa mu ruganda. Hakenewe kubaka fondasiyo gusa, gushyiramo insinga, guhuza insinga no guhuza amashanyarazi. Igihe cyo kubaka kigabanukaho 60% - 70% ugereranije na gahunda isanzwe, bigatuma amashanyarazi atangira vuba kandi agatangira gukoreshwa, kandi bikanoza imikorere myiza y’ishoramari.

3. Guhangana n'ibidukikije bikomeye cyane kugira ngo imikorere yo hanze ikomeze igihe cyose ibera

Aka kazu gafite uburyo bwo gukingira ubushyuhe bw’ibice bibiri n’uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese, hamwe n’ikigega cya lisansi cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru cya IP68, gishobora kwihanganira ikirere kibi cyane nk’imyuzure, umunyu utemba n’umukungugu w’umucanga. Ntigakeneye icyumba cy’imashini z’ubwubatsi n’ahantu hanini ho gukingira, cyane cyane ko gakoreshwa igihe kirekire mu murima udahari.

4. Igihombo gito gikenewe kugira ngo kunoze imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu buzima bwose

Igihombo kidatwara umutwaro n'igihombo cy'umutwaro bya transformateur bishobora guhindurwa no kunozwa hakurikijwe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Iyo bihujwe n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ingufu nke, igihombo cyigenga kigabanukaho 10% - 20% ugereranije n'ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu, bikongera inyungu y'amashanyarazi yinjizwa na sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'imyaka 25 y'imikorere.

5. Icyemezo cyuzuye n'ingwate ya serivisi

Iki gicuruzwa cyatsinze ibizamini byuzuye by’ubwoko bwacyo, kandi urwego rwacyo rwo gukingira no kwihanganira amashanyarazi byose byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw’igihugu. Uruganda rutanga serivisi zuzuye nko gukurura amakuru yo guhitamo, guhindura gahunda ya tekiniki n’ubuyobozi bwo kuyishyira aho ikorera, hamwe n’umurongo wa telefoni 400-898-1166 usubiza vuba ibyo ukeneye mu mikorere no mu kubungabunga.