Umuraba w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa 2026 ku Isi: Ingorane ku Bashoramari b’Amashanyarazi b’Abashinwa n’Icyerekezo Cyacu cyo Guteza Imbere Ingufu z’Isi

**Ibisobanuro by'inyongera**: Mu gihe abayobozi b'isi bahuriye mu Bushinwa muri Gicurasi 2026, menya imbogamizi nshya abashoramari bohereza ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bahura nazo n'uburyo People Electric itanga ibisubizo byihuse kandi byizewe byemejwe na IEC mu gukemura ikibazo cy'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi ku isi.

Mu byumweru bibiri bishize, Beijing yakiriye urujya n'uruza rw'ibihugu ku isi rutigeze rubaho: Perezida Putin w'Uburusiya, Perezida Tokayev wa Kazakisitani, Igikomangoma Mohammed wa Arabiya Sawudite, Perezida Shehbaz Sharif wa Pakisitani, na Perezida Võ Văn Thưởng wa Vietnam bose bakoze ingendo za leta, basinya amasezerano y'ubufatanye arenga 120 y'ibihugu byombi afite agaciro ka miliyari zisaga 250 z'amadolari yose hamwe. Muri icyo gihe, Inama ya Minisitiri w'Ingufu wa SCO yabereye i Ningbo yasojwe n'imishinga 25 y'ingufu ingana na miliyari 40 z'amayuan (miliyari 5.6 z'amadolari) na 12GW z'ingufu nshya.

Ku nganda zikora ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ku isi zitwaye tiriyari 1.84 z'amadolari, iyi ntambwe ya dipolomasi itanga amahirwe yo guhindura ibintu ndetse n'imbogamizi nshya zikomeye. Nk'inganda ikomeye mu by'amashanyarazi y'Abashinwa ifite ubucuruzi mu bihugu 87, People Electric iri ku isonga muri iyi ntambwe ihinduka. Muri iyi blog, turasesengura imbogamizi z'ingenzi zikomoka muri iki gihe gishya cy'ubufatanye ku isi kandi tugasobanura uburyo ubushobozi bwacu bwihariye burimo gufasha kubaka sisitemu y'ingufu z'isi itekanye, ihendutse kandi ikomeye.

Igice cya 1: Ingorane nshya zihura n'abashoramari bo mu Bushinwa bohereza amashanyarazi mu mahanga

Nubwo ingendo za dipolomasi zafunguye amahirwe mashya menshi ku isoko, byanazamuye urwego rw'irushanwa mpuzamahanga ndetse binateza imbogamizi enye zitandukanye abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bagomba gukemura:

⭕️Ibisabwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa aho ushaka ku isoko ry'ingenzi biri kwiyongera

Hafi buri gihugu giherutse gusura Ubushinwa cyatangaje amategeko akaze agenga imiterere y’ibikorwa remezo mu gihugu:

- Arabiya Sawudite: Guhera muri Kanama 2026, ibyiciro 233 by'ibicuruzwa birimo transformateur z'amashanyarazi n'insinga bizakenera nibura igipimo cy'ibicuruzwa byo mu gace, bikazamuka bikagera kuri 35% mu 2028.

- Ubuhinde: Imishinga yo kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi (BESS) ishaka inkunga ya leta ubu igomba kuba irimo 20% by'ibikomoka mu gihugu

- Kazakisitani: Imishinga y'amashanyarazi isaba 30% by'ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu nganda mu 2027

- Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba: Indoneziya, Viyetinamu na Filipine byose bitegeka ubwunganizi mu mategeko bw'aho batuye no gupima mu gihugu imbere kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ishingiro.

Ibi bisabwa bivuze ko uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga butagihagije kugira ngo bigire icyo bigeraho mu gihe kirekire muri aya masoko afite iterambere rikomeye.

⭕️Irushanwa rikomeye ry’Akarere

Iterambere rya dipolomasi ryakuruye ibitekerezo by’isi kuri aya masoko ari kuzamuka, rizana abanywanyi bashya baturutse i Burayi, Koreya y’Epfo na Turukiya. Inganda zo mu Burengerazuba bw’isi ubu zitanga uburyo bwo gutanga inguzanyo bunoze kandi zihutisha gahunda yo gutanga ibicuruzwa kugira ngo zigumane isoko, mu gihe abashoramari bo mu karere barimo gukoresha ibiciro byoroshye byo gutwara ibicuruzwa no kumenya neza isoko ry’ubucuruzi.

⭕️  Gushyiraho amabwiriza agenga ibintu bitandukanye no gutandukanya amategeko

Nubwo IEC ikomeje kuba igipimo ngenderwaho ku isi yose, buri karere kongeramo ibisabwa byihariye:

- Uburusiya: Icyemezo cya GOST kiracyakenewe kuri imwe mu mishinga ya leta, nubwo haherutse kuba amasezerano yo kwemeranya hagati ya IEC na GOST

- Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati: Icyemezo cya SASO n'iyemerwa rya gahunda ya IECEE CB biratandukanye bitewe n'ibihugu

- Afurika: Uruvange rw'amahame ya IEC, Ubwongereza n'Ubufaransa yo mu gihe cya gikoloni bitera izindi ngorane zo kubahiriza amategeko

Uku gucikamo ibice byongera ikiguzi cyo guteza imbere no gufata igihe cyo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishya.

⭕️ Igitutu cyo gushyira mu byiciro by'abatanga serivisi mu buryo bw'akarere

Ibihugu byinshi birimo gusaba ko imiyoboro y’ibicuruzwa mu karere igabanurwa kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago bya politiki. Itegeko ry’inganda za EU rigenga inganda zidafite ingaruka ku isoko n’Itegeko ryo kugabanya ibiciro muri Amerika byamaze guhindura imiyoboro y’ibicuruzwa ku isi, none amasoko ari kuzamuka arimo kubyitabira. Ibi bisaba inganda z’Abashinwa gushyiraho ahantu ho gukorera ibicuruzwa mu karere n’aho guteranyiriza ibicuruzwa kugira ngo zikomeze guhangana.

Igice cya 2: Ibyo amashanyarazi azana ku rwego rw'isi rw'amashanyarazi

Muri iki kibazo cy’ibibazo, ukuri kw’ibanze ntiguhinduka: isi irimo guhura n’ikibazo cy’ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi kitigeze kibaho, abatanga serivisi basanzwe badashobora gukemura bonyine. IEA ivuga ko ibura ry’amashanyarazi ku isi rizazamukaho 3.7% mu 2026, bitewe n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga bya AI, guhuza ingufu zisubiramo no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu nganda. Nyamara:

- 70% by'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi bya Amerika biri hafi kurangira

- 40% by'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi y'ibihugu by'Uburayi ifite imyaka irenga 40 kandi yagenewe igihe cy'ibikomoka kuri peteroli

- Igihe cyo gukoresha transfoma nini zikoresha ingufu gisigaye ari ibyumweru 120–210 (imyaka 2–4) ku isi yose.

- Ibiciro bya Transformers byiyongereyeho 75% kuva mu 2019

Aha niho People Electric itanga umusanzu udasanzwe kandi udasimburwa mu buryo bw'ingufu ku isi:

✅️ Dukemura ikibazo cy’itangwa ry’ibikoresho ku isi: iminsi 45 ugereranyije n’imyaka 2–4

Inyungu ikomeye mu guhangana kwacu ni ubushobozi bwacu bwo gutanga ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi byemewe na IEC mu gice gito cy'igihe urwego rw'inganda rumaze rukora. Nubwo abakora mu Burengerazuba bw'isi batanga igiciro cy'imyaka 2-4 ku bahindura amashanyarazi basanzwe, dutanga:

- Transformers ziterwa n'amavuta ya S11-M (10kV–35kV, 50kVA–2500kVA): iminsi 45

- RDW5 Series Intelligent Air Circuit Breakers (200A–6300A): iminsi 30

- Transformers za SCB14 Series Cast Resin: iminsi 45

Ubu bushobozi si uburyo bwo korohereza gusa—ni ingirakamaro ku bihugu bifite ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi ryihutirwa n’idindira ry’imishinga. Urugero, ikigo cy’amakuru cya AI cya megawati 100 cyatindaga imyaka 2 gishobora gutangira gukora mu mezi 3 gusa hamwe n’ibikoresho byacu, bikabyara andi mafaranga arenga miliyoni 700 z’amadolari y’Amerika.

✅️Dutuma ibikorwa remezo bigezweho by'amashanyarazi bihendutse kuri bose

Ubushobozi bwacu bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bwuzuye butuma dushobora gutanga ibicuruzwa bihendutse kuri 15-25% ugereranyije n’ibikoresho bikorerwa mu Burengerazuba bw’isi, ndetse no ku misoro n’ibiciro byo kohereza ibicuruzwa. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere bidashobora kwishyura ibiciro by’igiciro gihanitse bitangwa n’ababicuruza gakondo.

Urugero, transformers zacu za S11-M zigabanya igihombo kidatwara umutwaro ho 30% ugereranije n’uburyo busanzwe, zigatanga uburyo buhoraho bwo kuzigama ingufu, bigatuma ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga gigabanuka. Ibi bituma kuvugurura imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi n’imishinga y’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu bihugu byasigara inyuma mu mpinduka z’ingufu.

✅️Dutanga ibikoresho byakozwe mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije bikomeye ku isi

Ibicuruzwa byacu byakozwe kandi bigapimwa kugira ngo bikore neza mu bihe bikomeye cyane ku Isi:

- Ubukonje bukabije: Transformateur zacu na circuit breakers zikora neza ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya -40°C, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane muri Siberiya, Aziya yo Hagati na Kanada y'Amajyaruguru

- Ubushyuhe n'umucanga mu butayu: Ibikoresho byacu bifunze neza n'ibipfukisho birwanya ingese birinda ubushyuhe bugera kuri 55°C n'umucanga winjira, nk'uko byagaragajwe mu mushinga wacu wo guhinga imirasire y'izuba ya 500MW muri Arabiya Sawudite.

- Spray y'umunyu wo ku nkombe: Ibikoresho byacu by'icyuma gikozwe mu mabati n'ibikoresho byihariye byo gukingira ibidukikije birinda ingese mu nkengero z'inyanja

Uku kuramba kw'isi yose bivuze ko umurongo umwe w'ibicuruzwa ushobora gukorera amasoko menshi, bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo guteza imbere no koroshya imicungire y'ibikoresho ku bakiriya bacu.

✅️Twihutishe Impinduka mu Ingufu ku Isi

Dutanga igisubizo cyuzuye ku mishinga y'ingufu zisubira, gikubiyemo uruhererekane rw'agaciro kuva ku ikorwa kugeza ku ikoreshwa ry'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi kugeza ku ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi:

- Fuse za DC za RDT8-PV Series: IEC 60269-6 yemewe, ifite igihe cyo kugabanya umuvuduko wa PV n'uburyo bwo kubika ingufu <2ms

- Utwuma twa NM8-PV twakozwe mu buryo bwa Molded Case Breakers: DC 1000V ifite amanota, IP65 niyo ikoreshwa mu gushyira hanze

- Ibisubizo byuzuye bya substation: Byateguwe mbere kandi bigapimwa mu nganda zacu, bigabanya igihe cyo gushyiraho aho hantu honyine ho 50%

Kugeza ubu, ibisubizo byacu byafashije ibihugu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere irenga 10GW ku isi hamwe n’ububiko bw’ingufu bwa 1.5GWh, bifasha ibihugu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere irenga toni miliyoni 12 buri mwaka.

✅️Twubaka Urusobe rw'Ibicuruzwa ku Isi Ruhamye

Bitandukanye n'abatanga ibicuruzwa benshi bishingikiriza ku nganda zikora ibicuruzwa bya gatatu, tugenzura buri cyiciro cy'umusaruro kuva ku gushakisha ibikoresho fatizo kugeza ku guteranya burundu. Ubu buryo bwose bwo kugenzura uruhererekane rw'inganda butuma:

- Ubwiza buhoraho hamwe n'igipimo cyo gutsinda ibicuruzwa ku kigero cya 99.9%.

- Ibiciro bihamye nubwo ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo bihindagurika

- Gutanga serivisi byizewe ndetse no mu gihe cy'ihungabana ry'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ku isi

- Nta kwishingikiriza ku miyoboro y'ibicuruzwa igenzurwa n'Uburengerazuba

Mu isi irimo ibibazo bikomeye bya politiki, ubu buryo bwo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa burimo kuba bumwe mu mutungo wacu w’agaciro.