Amasomo yavuye ku ibura ry'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba muri Vietnam: Igisubizo cy'ingenzi ku mutekano w'ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi ya DC

Intara ya Binh Duong muri Vietnam ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi buhoraho, ubushuhe bwinshi n'igihu cy'umunyu mwinshi, bigatera imikorere mibi iteza imbogamizi zikomeye ku bikoresho bikwirakwiza ingufu za photovoltaic. Nguyễn Minh Trung, injeniyeri w'imyaka 36 ufite uburambe bw'imyaka 8 mu mikoreshereze n'isuku y'ingufu nshya zo mu gace, afite inshingano zo kugenzuraSisitemu zo gukwirakwiza ingufu za DCby'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic yo mu karere.

Saa sita ubwo ubushyuhe bwazamukaga bukagera kuri dogere 42°C, mu cyumba cy’igenzura rye rya buri gihe habayeho guhagarara k’amashanyarazi mu buryo butunguranye. Hamwe n’impumuro y’amashanyarazi yahiye, DC busbar yaguye vuba maze sitasiyo yose y’amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic ihagarika gutanga amashanyarazi. Iperereza ryagaragaje ko umushinga wakoresheje ibyuma bigabanya amashanyarazi bya DC bidafite ikirango kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cy’ibanze. Nyuma y’amezi abiri gusa, ikirere kibi cyaho cyateje gusaza kw’ibikoresho byo gukingira no kwangirika kw’ibikoresho, bitera guhagarara k’amashanyarazi mu buryo bukomeye. Byari bigoye kuzimya, DC electrical arc ya DC yari imaze igihe gito iratwika hafi ya byose.

Ibura ry'amashanyarazi ryamaze iminsi ine, rituma habaho igihombo gikomeye mu mafaranga yinjira mu mishinga y’amashanyarazi, ndetse n’amafaranga y’inyongera ku mirimo yo gusimbuza no gusana ibikoresho. Nguyễn Minh Trung yagaragaje ko imimerere mibi y’akazi ari yo mbogamizi ikomeye ku mishinga yo muri Vietnam ikoresha ingufu za voltaic n’ingufu. Ibikoresho bihendutse ntibishobora kumenyera ibidukikije bikabije, bigatuma umutekano no kuramba biba iby’ingenzi ku mishinga mishya y’ingufu zo mu gace.

Yakorewe gusa ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nshya za DC zifite voltage nyinshi,Udukingirizo tw'uruhererekane rwa DC twakozwe mu buryo bwa RDM8DC(DC MCCB) ihura neza n'ibidukikije bigoye kandi bigoye byo muri Vietnam, igakemura neza ibibazo by'umutekano mu ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi ku nyubako zo mu gace zibikamo amashanyarazi n'ingufu.

Igice cya 1: Ingufu zisubira ziyongera mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya zituma uburinzi bw'ikwirakwizwa rya DC buba ingenzi

Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba yabaye imwe mu masoko y'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba arimo gukura cyane ku isi. Ibihugu birimo Viyetinamu, Maleziya, Filipine na Indoneziya byashyizeho politiki zishyigikira amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba no kuyabika. Bitewe n'ibura ry'amashanyarazi n'ibikorwaremezo by'amashanyarazi bitaratunganywa, inganda nshya z'ingufu zo mu karere zirimo iterambere rikomeye.

Bizungukira ku miterere y’izuba ryinshi, pariki nyinshi z’inganda na politiki nziza za leta, Vietnam iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu iterambere ry’ingufu zikoreshwa mu kubika imirasire y’izuba n’ingufu mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ku bisenge, sitasiyo z’izuba zishyirwa hasi, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu z’ubucuruzi n’ingufu nto zikoreshwa hanze y’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi biragaragara mu gihugu hose. Imibare igaragaza ko Aziya y’uburasirazuba izagera ku bushobozi bushya bwa 30GW mu 2026, aho Vietnam ingana na hafi 40% by’ingano yose. Igipimo cy’iterambere ry’isoko ry’ingufu kirenga 100%, kandi ubushobozi bushya bwongeweho buzagera hafi kuri 100GWh mu myaka ine iri imbere.

Sisitemu y'ingufu za DC ifite voltage nyinshi kuva kuri 250V kugeza kuri 1500VImaze kuba imiterere isanzwe mu mishinga igezweho y'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ikoreshwa cyane mu guhuza imirasire y'izuba, gutanga bateri, guhuza inverter DC no gukwirakwiza ingufu za EV charging pile. Gukwirakwiza DC hifashishijwe ingufu nyinshi bigabanya neza igihombo cy'amashanyarazi kandi bikongera imikorere myiza ya sisitemu muri rusange. Nyamara, inazana n'ingorane zihishe:

✔️ DC arc ntishobora kuzimya mu buryo busanzwe, bigatera ibyago byinshi byo gutwika ibikoresho no gutwika amashanyarazi bitewe n'amashanyarazi make;

✔️ Ubushyuhe bwa Vietnam buri hagati ya -5℃ na 50℃, buherekejwe n'ibihe by'imvura ndende n'ubushyuhe bw'umunyu wo ku nkombe, bigashyiraho amabwiriza akomeye ku bijyanye no gushyushya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya ingese ya DC MCCB;

✔️ Guhindagurika kenshi kw'amashanyarazi bitera ibibazo by'umuvuduko mwinshi n'amakosa y'umuvuduko mugufi, bigasaba ibikoresho bigabanya umuvuduko bifite imikorere myiza yo kurinda no gucikamo ibice bikomeye;

✔️ Imishinga itandukanye isaba imiterere yoroheje ku mibare y'inkingi, uburyo bwo gukora no gushyiraho insinga.

Utwuma dusanzwe two gufunga imiyoboro ya AC n'udukingirizo duto twa DC ntidushobora kuzuza ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru. Akenshi tuba dufite ubushobozi buke bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ubushobozi buke bwo kudakoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, bigatuma tudakora neza mu gihe cy'ikosa. Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bidakora neza nabyo bitera imikorere mibi kandi ntibikore neza mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi cya Vietnam. Uburyo bumwe bwo kurinda butuma ibi bikoresho bidashobora kurinda imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ya DC mu buryo bwuzuye.

Ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi rya DC ritekanye ryabaye imbogamizi ikomeye ibuza imikorere ihamye no kubungabunga ku giciro gito imishinga y’ingufu zisubira za Vietnam. Imashini igabanya umuriro mwinshi ya DC molded case breaker yakozwe kugira ngo ikemure ibi bibazo, ijyanye neza n’ibikenewe mu mikorere y’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, ububiko bw’ingufu n’imishinga yo gukwirakwiza DC muri Vietnam no mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

Igice cya 2: Imikorere myiza ya RDM8DC ​​DC MCCB yo gukoresha DC ifite Voltage nyinshi

Iyi DC MCCB yakozwe ku giti cyayo na People Electric, ikoreshwa mu buryo bwigenga mu miyoboro mishya y’amashanyarazi ya DC ifite ingufu nyinshi, ikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ya IEC60947-1 na IEC60947-2. Ifite ingufu zingana kuva kuri DC250V kugeza kuri DC1500V n’amashanyarazi angana kuva kuri 63A kugeza kuri 800A, iyi DC circuit breaker ikora neza itanga uburinzi ku mubyimba urenze urugero igihe kirekire no kurinda umubyimba urenze urugero ako kanya. Itanga ingufu zihagije kandi irinda imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi kwangirika no kwangirika k’umubyimba urenze urugero. Buri gishushanyo mbonera gikozwe neza kugira ngo gikemure ibibazo bikunze kubaho mu gihe cy’ikwirakwizwa rya DC rikabije muri Vietnam.

⭕️ Ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi kuri gridi y'amashanyarazi ya DC yuzuye

Imashini igabanya umuriro ya RDM8DC ​​DC ikoresha ingufu zuzuye: DC250V, DC500V, DC750V, DC1000V, DC1250V na DC1500V. Ibipimo by'ubu biri hagati ya 63A na 800A, bigabanyijemo ingano 5 z'amadirishya: amadirishya 250, amadirishya 315, amadirishya 400, amadirishya 630 na amadirishya 800.

Ishobora guhuzwa neza n'udusanduku duto two guhuriraho imirasire y'izuba hejuru y'inzu dufite voltage ya DC500V, utubati two gusohora bateri twa DC1000V tw'ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu z'ubucuruzi, impande za DC1500V z'inganda nini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zo hasi hamwe na DC busbar z'ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu. Nta guhinduranya kwakozwe ku giti cyawe, bifasha abakiriya kugabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo guhitamo icyitegererezo n'ikiguzi cyo kugura.

⭕️Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukuraho ingaruka mbi ku mutekano wa DC Arc

Kudacungwa neza kwa arc y'amashanyarazi ni ikibazo gikomeye ku makosa ya DC ku mirasire y'izuba. Ifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kuzimya arc ya magnetic blow arc hamwe n'imiterere y'icyumba cyo kuzimya arc, RDM8DC ​​DC MCCB itanga imikorere myiza yo kugabanya arc ya short-circuit mu rwego rwo gukumira impanuka z'inkongi z'umuriro muri sitasiyo z'izuba zo muri Vietnam:

● 2P DC250V/500V: Ubushobozi bwo kugabanya umuvuduko muke kandi butanga serivisi ni 50/50kA

● 2P DC750V/1000V: 25/25kA

● 2P DC1500V: 7.5/7.5kA (urukiramende rwa 250/315), 10/10kA (urukiramende rwa 400/630/800)

● 3P DC1000V~DC1500V: Ntarengwa 40/40kA

Iyo umuyoboro mugufi ubaye muri sisitemu z'amashanyarazi za DC zifite ingufu nyinshi, umuyoboro wa RDM8DC ​​DC ushobora guca umuriro utari woroshye no kuzimya umuyoboro wa DC mu masegonda make. Birinda kwangirika kw'ibikoresho, gutwika akabati no kuzimya uruganda, bigatuma ibikoresho by'ingufu zisubiramo bikomeza gukora neza muri Vietnam.

⭕️Uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n'ibidukikije mu gihe habayeho ubushyuhe, ubushuhe n'umunyu mu gihugu cya Vietnam

Yagenewe kwihanganira imimerere ikabije yo gukorera muri Vietnam irimo ubushyuhe bwa dogere 50, ubushuhe bwinshi bw'umwaka wose, ubushyuhe bw'ibihe ndetse n'ubushyuhe bw'umunyu wo ku nkombe, RDM8DC ​​ikoresha ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe bwinshi bidashobora gushya, imiterere ifunze neza kandi irinda ubushuhe n'igitambaro kirwanya ingese. Ikora neza ku butumburuke buri munsi ya metero 2000, ihuza n'uturere twose two muri Vietnam:

● Ubushyuhe bw'akazi: -5℃ ~ +50℃, imikorere isanzwe irahari kandi ubushobozi bwayo bugabanuka gato mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane

● Kurwanya ubushuhe: Gukora neza munsi ya 90% by'ubushuhe kuri 20°C, birinda isuri, amazi aturuka ku mashanyarazi no gusaza imburagihe

● Ingufu zo gukingira zidasanzwe: Ingufu zo gukingira zipima 1500V, ingufu zipima 12kV, zirenze cyane urugero rw'inganda kugira ngo hirindwe ibyago byo kwangirika k'amashanyarazi menshi.

Byaba ari imishinga y’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba iri ku gisenge cy’inganda za Binh Duong, imirima y’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba yo ku butaka ishyushye cyane mu majyepfo ya Vietnam cyangwa ahantu ho kubika ingufu zangijwe n’ibihu mu mijyi yo ku nkombe z’inyanja nka Da Nang na Hai Phong, RDM8DC ​​DC MCCB igumana imikorere ihamye mu gihe kirekire kandi igabanya cyane igipimo cyo guhomba no kwitabwaho.

⭕️ Imiterere yoroshye no gushyiramo byoroshye imishinga itandukanye ya Vietnam

Imishinga y’ingufu zisubira muri Vietnam ifite ubwoko butandukanye bw’ikoreshwa, harimo imirasire y’izuba yo ku gisenge, sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi yo ku misozi, ububiko bw’ingufu zo mu makontenari n’umuyoboro muto wa interineti utari kure. Umuyoboro wa DC wa RDM8DC ​​utanga uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza imiterere kugira ngo wujuje ibisabwa byose by’umushinga wo mu gace uherereyemo:

● Ubwoko bw'inkingi zikenewe: inkingi 2 n'inkingi 3 ku byifuzo bitandukanye by'insinga za DC

● Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora: Umukono utaziguye, amashanyarazi n'umukono uzunguruka, bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gusana intoki no kugenzura kure

● Ubwoko bw'ibintu bibiri bigwa: Urugendo rwa rukuruzi n'urugendo rwa rukuruzi rw'ubushyuhe, ni byiza cyane ku micungire y'izuba n'ingufu zifite umuvuduko udahindagurika w'amazi

● Ibikoresho by'inyongera bishobora kwaguka: Gusohora shunt, gupima icyuma gitera inkuba n'inkunga y'inyongera ku gikoresho gitera insinga, kugenzura amakosa no gusohora icyuma gitera insinga.

● Insinga zoroshye n'aho zishyirwa: Insinga z'imbere, iz'inyuma, izitambitse n'izihagaze zishyiramo umwanya muto imbere mu makabati yo gukwirakwizamo ibikoresho n'aho kubika ingufu

Ingano y'ibicuruzwa bito igabanya umwanya w'akabati hatabayeho gusana inyubako, bigagabanya imiterere y'akabati ndetse n'ikiguzi cyo gushyiramo ibikoresho by'ubuhanga byo muri Vietnam.

⭕️Ireme ryizewe n'igihe kirekire cya serivisi kugira ngo ugabanye ikiguzi cy'ubuzima

Ishoramari mu ngufu zisubira ni ubucuruzi bw'igihe kirekire, kandi kuramba kw'ibikoresho bigena inyungu mu mushinga. Imashini igabanya umuvuduko wa DC ifite ingufu nyinshi ya RDM8DC ​​iteranywa n'ibice by'umuringa bifite ubuziranenge bwinshi, ikorana neza cyane n'uburyo bukomeye bwo gucika, bigatuma serivisi iramba neza:

● Ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi: inshuro 1000

● Ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bwa mekanike: Inshuro 7000 (urukiramende 250/315), Inshuro 4000 (urukiramende 400/630/800)

Ibicuruzwa byose byubahiriza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ya IEC n'ibipimo by'igihugu, binyura mu igenzura rikomeye ry'uruganda no kugenzura ubuziranenge mu gihe cyose rukora. Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo buhendutse kandi bufite ubuziranenge buke, guhitamo RDM8DC ​​DC MCCB bigabanya cyane inshuro zo gusimbuza ibikoresho n'amafaranga akoreshwa mu kubungabunga buri munsi, bigatuma igiciro cyiyongera mu gihe cyose cy'umushinga.